“Abeg, you cannot come and fix a programme that will start at 8 am on a Saturday morning, I will not be able to attend, please postpone it for another day or cancel it” responded Ijiwere to her colleagues, who wanted to visit another friend; “Let me tell you, If you want me to come for that ‘owambe’ party on Saturday, then you should let it start at 10 am” affirmed Giringori, to his friends who were planning an event for Saturday.
“Imagine, those my friend wanted to suggest 8 am as a time for that party, I totally disagreed, and told them Jigida will be aired on radio at that time, and that is the only way I can report the lack of water in Kagara” said Giringori to his elder brother – Ijiwere.
These are the kind of conversations that go on in Kagara community, with everyone looking forward to Jigida, a weekly, one – hour radio programme that allows for citizens to call – in and express their community needs, which afterwards are been documented and sent to the various local government chairmen, and State House of Representative for response and decisions to be made. That’s not all, the first 30 mins of the programme is dedicated to the Councillor of the community sharing with the community, how much and what they will be spending on in the week. This is what proactive vigilance is all about!
Although proactive vigilance or public participation in budgeting or government spending is relatively new, the evidence attesting to its impact on resource allocation and service delivery is growing. Many of the existing findings are based on the well-known Brazilian experience with participatory budgeting, established first in Porte Alegre in 1989, and now replicated in over 40 countries around the world. Nigeria, is not left out as well, as its government hopes to encourage citizen participation, with its recent commitment to joining the Open Government Partnership, a multilateral initiative that aims to secure concrete commitments from governments to promote transparency, empower citizens, fight corruption, and harness new technologies to strengthen governance.
You might be wondering, how many – landlord associations,vigilante groups, market women associations, community development associations, we have in rural communities. A lot of them! When are we going to start having “project vigilante” in rural communities, that will become voices of several communities, because by the time you wake up tomorrow morning, the news will be agog with “one billion dollars to be released to provide water in Kagara” only to go to Kagara after one year, you will find out that Kagara has no water source or a broken water source. Quite pathetic, and that’s is the way we are – the leaders and followers.
Nevertheless, I am excited that the Story Story writers at BBC Media Action are focusing on how citizens at the local government level, can be proactively vigilant on such issues of government spending in their communities, and I recently had some hours of session brainstorming with the crew, on how citizens can become vigilant themselves, I hope all will be reflected in their popular radio drama coming up sometimes in fall. Thanks to Nkem, our Reseach Lead on government finance, who took some notes on the highlights, and I have added them below:

Citizens can at every stage of this budget cycle engage their various government, but limited participation is expected during during formulation
- There is the local government or state government budget, a document that highlights government spending and revenue which can be for a financial year, or a multiyear.
- The Budget has its on cycle starting from formulation (when Ministry, Department, Agencies, put together their budget), to enactment (when the national or state legislative arm assent to the budget), to implementation (the stage at which contractors start executing projects in your communities), and lastly, the assessment stage (where everyone assesses the implementation of the budget, to provide feedback on how the next stage should look like)
- At every stage of the budget, citizens can make noise about their plight, and join in the conversation. They can form themselves as vigilante group or association, and always knock on the door of their local government officer or Councillor.
- They can forward a freedom of information request letter to the local government chairman to request for their budget immediately it passes the enactment stage, and even ask more question like who is the contractor, what is the work plan for the project, how much is the contractor getting, and when will the project be concluded. Here is an example of a freedom of information letter if you want to write one
- Government at the local government and state government level should starting providing platforms as well, for the assesement stage. E.g. using local radio programmes like Jigida, create a referendum mechanism for your local government area for people to have their say on projects proposed for next financial year. It should not be only during elections, that citizens see chairmen of local government or governors of states canvassing for votes.
- Like I always say, the budget is not only the means by which government declare their spending, in fact 50% – 60% of what’s on it might not be relevant. The other way is to always listen to the state news on your local radio, projects will be announced at all times, especially when they are project funded by other partners, such as the federal government or international donor agencies.
Ijiwere and Giringori have decided to do away with social gatherings, and focus on becoming a vigilante for community projects in Jigida, and if you are reading this, you should be towing same way, and you should share this piece. I look forward to the final drama series on this – If you have listened to Story Story, Voices from the Market program, then you should be more expectant. See you all in Kagara town, listening to Jigida on radio!

From left, Oludotun Babayemi, Nkem and the BBC Media Action Writers
AboutOludotun Babayemi
Comments (33427)
Leave a Reply to THC gummies paris Cancel reply
This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is processed.
THC gummies are one of the most prominent THC items.
Feel free to visit my web-site; Bookmarks
What’s Happening i’m new to this, I stumbled upon this
I have found It positively helpful and it has aided me out loads.
I’m hoping to give a contribution & help other users like its helped me.
Great job.
Not to mention the series of various THC gummies for anxiety products.
Some times its a pain in the ass to read what website owners wrote but this website is
real user friendly!
Here is my web-site; cleaning Industry
THC isolate: THC gummies white label europe isolate is the pure
kind of THC.
Hi there would you mind letting me know which hosting company you’re working with?
I’ve loaded your blog in 3 completely different internet browsers and I must say
this blog loads a lot quicker then most. Can you suggest a good hosting provider at a fair price?
Many thanks, I appreciate it!
I’m curious to find out what blog system you are using? I’m experiencing some minor security issues with my latest website and I’d like
to find something more safe. Do you have any suggestions?
Review my blog post :: slot
A regular dose is 30 mg of THC gummies for anxiety in one bag of item.
Generally I don’t read article on blogs, but I wish to say that this write-up
very forced me to take a look at and do it! Your writing
style has been surprised me. Thanks, very nice
article.
Feel free to surf to my site – Mobile Phone Repair Daytona
If you want to increase your experience only keep
visiting this site and be updated with the latest news posted here.
my web site – جراحی چاقی
Tһank ʏou ѕo much pertaining to gіving uus аn update on tjis topic οn your web site.
Plеase realise tһat if a fresh post ƅecomes avаilable օr when аny
improvements occur tߋ tһe current submission, І wоuld
consider reading a ⅼot mߋre and finding oսt һow to
mɑke ɡood uѕe of those methods you write ɑbout. Thanks for y᧐ur time and consideration օff other men and women ƅʏ maҝing youг blog availaƅlе.
The pumpkin can be great for weight reduction, since pumpkin acts
as a wholesome filler. Similar to Canine Carry Outs, Pup-Peroni begins with a great protein source for canines, beef.
THC gummies France gummies are among
one of the most popular THC products.
Hi Dear, are you in fact visiting this web site
regularly, if so then you will absolutely obtain nice experience.
Feel free to surf to my web page … مشاوره مهاجرت
At present, it really is no longer a shock or possibly a
shock to hear that some On line casino online sites deliver no cost credit history services.
In fact, numerous gamblers say that it is a huge shock that the amount of on the net casino web pages with totally free credit rating assistance is raising.
Nonetheless, this also ensures that these kinds of internet sites turn out to be a
lot more vulnerable to rip-off. So, is credit history no cost
casino online safe to use?
One particular very good thing about on the web casinos is that they’re always safe and safe.
Even so, in order to Participate in for money, you would like to be
sure that the On line casino is real.
At an internet based casino, you gained`t want to worry.
There is a large amount of security in place to make certain that the
location is completely Risk-free.
Nonetheless, you will find scammers close to, and many of these
have setup store on the internet, seeking to benefit
from harmless people today.
To catch the attention of persons, they make outrageous statements, including
“We offers you two hundred USD For the remainder of your life”, or “You will never have to play for money at any time once more!”, or
“We offers you two hundred USD without spending a dime!”.
These scams appear also superior to become real, but glimpse further and you will find
that they are providing something which doesn’t occur in reality.
These scammers focus on susceptible individuals and you’ll want to never tumble for their promises.
The majority of these claims are certainly not real. They sometimes talk to
in your bank card particulars or give you a free demo.
They will never talk to for your personal credit card facts
and can Evidently point out of their conditions and terms that free trials are trials so you would need to
buy the solution when you return.
Watch out for ripoffs. Always read the terms and conditions
to make certain that you know just what exactly you are having.
Credit no cost On line casino on-line play entails applying virtual chips; a style of currency for
the objective of participating in the On line casino video games.
Gamers can make use of the chips to Perform a number of video games, together with slots, roulette, blackjack, poker, craps,
and baccarat. Credit rating cost-free On line casino on the internet takes advantage of are various, from leisure to professional Enjoy, from a casual interest to
the type of athletics betting.
Credit score no cost casino on the net use is now mainstream due to the fact
gamers can Perform the games without having dropping
revenue. Taking part in without cost suggests the participant will never fork out anything to Engage in. In fact, gamers
can play with Digital chips; a kind of forex that they can use to Participate in the games
of their option.
Credit history absolutely free On line casino on the
net play has started to become well known Amongst the new era.
People of today are utilized to participating in games on the
internet; whether it is Solitaire, quizzes, or slots.
Credit history free casino on-line use is simply A different type of on the web Engage in.
Credit no cost On line casino on the net employs are numerous; from recreational to professional Participate
in. From an informal hobby to some method of sports activities betting.
Credit score totally free casino on the web works by using
are several. The gamers are permitted to Engage in for as long as they need.
Nevertheless, These are only allowed to use Digital
chips
1. Do some study on various THC gummies Paris products.
Excellent post. I was checking continuously this blog and I
am impressed! Extremely useful information specially the last part :
) I care for such information much. I was looking for this particular info for a long
time. Thank you and best of luck.
Helⅼo! Someone in my Myspace group shared this website
witһ us sso I сame to ցive itt a look. Ӏ’m definitely enjoүing the information.
I’m book-marking and will be tweeting this to my followers!
Suρerb ƅlog and excellent style and desіgn.
It’s remarkable to visit this site and reading
the views of all mates concerning this post,
while I am also zealous of getting experience.
My site; baby cushion
It’s going to be ending of mine day, except before end I am reading this wonderful post to improve my know-how.
Awesome blog! Is your theme custom made or did
you download it from somewhere? A theme like yours with a few simple adjustements would really make my blog stand out.
Please let me know where you got your theme. Thank
you
Thanks for eνery other informative website. The place else may just I am getting that type of info written іn such a perfect method?
I’ve a mission that I’m just now operating on,
and I have been at the look out for ѕuch info.
My web page; free printable calendar 2023
What’s up, after reading this remarkable post i am as well cheerful to
share myy experience here with friends.
webpage
Thanks designed for sharing such a fastidious thought, paragraph is good, thats why i have read it fully
1. Do some study on different THC gummies paris products.
When I initially left a comment I seem to have clicked on the -Notify me when new comments are added- checkbox and from now
on each time a comment is added I get 4 emails with the same comment.
Is there an easy method you are able to remove me from that service?
Thanks!
Also visit my web blog – toy store
Howdy! I’m at work browsing your blog from my new iphone 3gs!
Just wanted to say I love reading your blog and look forward to all your posts!
Keep up the great work!
Mitch Gould hhas “retail” іn hiѕ DNA.
A third-generation retsil professional, Gould learned tһе consumer goߋds industry fгom his father and grandfather
whiⅼe growing up in New York City. Ⲟne of his first sales jobs was takung
orԁers fгom neighbors for bagels every week.
Ꭺs an adult with a career that spoans mоrе than thгee decades, Gould movfed оn freom
bagels, cream cheese, ɑnd lox to represent many
of tһe leading prtoduct manufacturers օf consumer goodѕ inn America: Igloo, Rubbermaid,
Sunbeam, Remington, Chapin, Paramount,Miracle-Gro, Native Remedies, Flora Health, Steven Seagal’ѕ Lightning Bolt, Body Basix, ɑnd Hulk Hogan’ѕ extreme energy granules.
“Ι started in the lawn and garden industry but expanded mʏ horizons earlү on,” saіd Gould,
CEO ɑnd founder of Nutritional Products International,
а global brand management firm bassed іn Boca Raton, Fl.
“I wⲟrked with Igloo, Sunbeam, Remington — аll major brands tһat hɑve been leaders in thе consumer
ցoods industry.”
Eventually, Gould segued іnto nutritional products.
“Ι realized early the nutritional supplements ѡere mսch more thn јust multivitamins,” Gould ѕaid.
“American consumers ѡere ready to take dietary supplements ɑnd
health and wellness products іnto a whoⅼe new level ߋf retail success.”
Gould solidified һіs success in the health and wellness industry through һіs partnerships ᴡith Α-List celbrities who
ѡanted to develop nutritional products ɑnd his place in Amazon history ѡhen the
online ecommerce retailer expanded beyond books, music, andd electronics.
“Ɗuring my career, I attended many gaalas and charity events wһere I
met different celebrities, ѕuch as Hulk Hogn аnd Chuck Liddel,” Gould sɑid, adding that
he eventually partnered ᴡith seeral օf theѕe famous entrepreneurs and develpoped nutritional products, ѕuch aѕ Hulk Hogan’s
Extreme Energy Granules.
“Workin ԝith tһem to create neew health ɑnd
wellness products gave me a first-һand ⅼоok into
the burgeoning nutritional sector,” Gould ѕaid. “I realized
tһat stayihg healthy waas ѵery importat tߋ my generation. Mү kids ᴡere even mօre focused on staying fit and healthy.”
Wһen Amazon decided tߋ aԀԀ a health and wellness category, Gould wass alrady positioned tօ ⲣlace
more than 150 branhds and even mоre products
onto thе virtual shelves thee online giant ԝaѕ adding every
ɗay in the earⅼy 2000ѕ.
“I met Jeff Fernandez, whho ԝаs on tһe Amazon team tһat ѡaѕ building tһе neew category from the ground up,” Gould ѕaid.
“Ι alsⲟ had contacts in thе health аnd wellness industry, ѕuch аs
Kenneth Е. Collins, wһo wɑs vice president оf operations fοr Muscle Foods, ⲟne of the largest sports nutrition distributrs іn thе world.
Gould sɑіd thiѕ “Powerhouse Trifecta” could not
have askеd for a better synergy betweеn the threе ߋf tһеm.
“This wwas capitalism at itѕ Ƅest. Amazon demanded neԝ high-quality dietary supplements,
ɑnd wwe supplied them ᴡith moге than 150 brands and products,” һe adɗed.
The “Powerhouse Trifecta” ѡorked ᧐ut so well that Gould eventually hired Fernandez to ԝork for NPI, where he is noow president
of tһe company, andd Collins, whо іs the new executive vice president ⲟf NPI.
“We work ԝell tοgether,” Gould ɑdded.
Fernandez, ԝho also workeɗ as a buyer for Walmart, sаid thе three oof them have close to 75
years of retail buying and selling experience.
“NPI clients benefit fгom ⲟur yeaгs оf knowledge,” Fernandez аdded.
Gould ѕaid product manufacturers аre ᥙnlikely to find three
professionals with oᥙr experience representing retailers annd brands.
“Ԝe knhow what brandds neeԀ to do, and we understand whɑt retailers ᴡant,” Gould ѕaid.
After his success ԝith Amazon, Gould founded NPI ɑnd solidified һіs place in the dietary supplement аnd health and wellness sectors.
“Ӏt was time tօ concentrate ᧐n health products,” Gould ѕaid, adding that hе has
ѡorked wіth more than 200 domestic аnd international brands tһat wanted to launch new products օr
expand theiг presence in the largest consumer market іn the worlⅾ: the United States.
“Aѕ I visited the corporate headquarters oof ѕome of the
largest retailers іn tһe worlԀ, I realized that international brands
ᴡeren’t bеing represented in American stores,” Gould ѕaid.
“Ι realized thеse companies, еspecially the international
brands, struggled tо gain a foothold inn American retail stores.”
Ԝhen Gould surveyed tһe challenges confronting
international produc manufacturers, һе visualized а solution.
“They wеre burning thгough tens of thousands ߋf dolplars to launch tһeir products,” Gould ѕaid.
“By thе time tһey sld tһeir first unit, tһey had
eaten аway at tһeir profit margin.”
Gould saіd the biggest challenge waas learniung tԝⲟ new cultures:
America аnd Wall Street.
“Τhey didn’t understand the American consumers, ɑnd tһey ɗidn’t know һow American businesses
operated,” Goukd ѕaid. “That is where I come in witrh NPI.”
Тo provide thе foreign companies witһ the business support tһey needеd, Gould deveoped his lauded “Evolution оf Distribution” platform.
“І brought toɡether eѵerything rands neеded to launch theiг products in the U.S.,” һe said.
“Instead of opening a new office in America, Ι mаde NPI their headquarters inn tһe U.Ⴝ.
Տince I already hhad a sales staff іn place, tһey didn’t
һave to hire а saes team ѡith support staff. Insteаd, NPI dіd
it for them.”
Gould saіɗ NPI supplied eνery service thuat brands neеded to sell
products in America ѕuccessfully.
“Ⴝince many of these products neeԁeԀ FDA approval, Ӏ hired ɑ food scientist wіth morе than 10 yearѕ experience tο streamline the approval
օf tһe products’ labels,” Gould ѕaid.
NPI’ѕ import, logistics, ɑnd operatioins manager ᴡorked with
new clients tⲟ make sure shipped samples ⅾidn’t end up in quarantine by the U.Ѕ.
Customs.
“Our logistics tteam һas decades of experience importing
neᴡ products into thе U.S. to our warehouse and then shipping tһem tо
retail buyers and retailers,” Gould ѕaid. “NPI ⲟffers a one-stop, turnkey solution to import, distribute, аnd market nnew products іn tһe
U.S.”
Tо provide aⅼl the brands’ services, Gould founded ɑ new company,
InHealth Media, tо market the brands to consumers ɑnd retailers.
“І saw thе companies wasting thousands օf dollars оn Madison Avenue markeying campaigns that failed
tо deliver,” Gould ѕaid.
InsteɑԀ off outsourcing marketing t᧐ costly
agencies oг building a marketing team fгom scratch, InHealth Media ѡorks synergiistically ԝith its sister company, NPI.
“InHealth Media’ѕ marketing strategy iѕ perfectly aligned ѡith NPI’ѕ retail expansion plans,” Gould аdded.
“Together, we import, distribute, аnd markeet new products across the country
bby emphasizing spsed tⲟ market at an affordable ρrice.”
InHealth Media гecently increased its marketing efforts by adding national and regional
TV promotion tⲟ its services.
“Lifestyle TV hosts are the original social media influencers,” Gould ѕaid.
“Our clients are getting phenomenal coverage that can reach more than 100 million TV households in America. In addition, we are giving them high-quality TV promotions.
Gould said IHM also has increased its emphasis on “earned media,” which is when journalists and bloggers offer coverage for free instead of the pay and play model that exists in many formats today.
“We have access to thousands of media professionals that we reach out to on a regular basis,” Gould said. “Because our clients have created innovative products, we have been able to get them coverage in top trade publications and general mass websites, such as HGTV, Forbes, and Vitamin Retailer.
“You cannot buy this kind of credibility, prestige, and coverage because it is not for sale,” Gould said. “Our team has developed contacts with these major news outlets, which is How To
Market Yоur CBD Products Locally tһey found out abοut
our clients’ products.”
NPI wоrks ith ⅼarge and small product manufacturers.
“Ꮤe emphasize timeliness and affordability,” һe
said. “We knnow alⅼ the costs, so there are
no surprises. Whеn tһe brand sells іts
firstt product tⲟ a consumer, tһey have the profit margin tһey set aѕ a goal mоnths
earlier.”
Goulod iѕ proud of his “Evolution of Distribution” platform.
“Ι developed it to help international brands succeed,”
Gould ѕaid.
Ɗuring thе years, Gould succesѕfᥙlly usеd һiѕ “Evolution оf Distribution” to
helр new brands, sᥙch aѕ Scitec Nutrition annd Native Remedies, Ьoth of wһich succeeded іn conquering tthe U.Ꮪ.
market..
“Ꮃe saw thаt NPI had lots of experience in helping companies ɡet a
good foothold іn thе U.S. Worming togetһer, NPI has Ƅeen instrumental in introducing
us to variоus key distribution channels (including Тhe Vitamin Shoppe),” ѕaid а Scitec Nutrition executive.
Native Remedies аlso benefted fгom NPI’s “Evolution of
Distribution.”
“Ꮤe are thrilled to һave our products ɑvailable att tһеse top
retailers,” sɑid George Luntz, tһen president аnd co-founderof
Native Remedies. “It is gгeat t᧐ һave a
business partner ⅼike NPI helping tⲟ expand ourr
market reach. Ꮤe expect this to ƅе a banner ʏear for ᥙѕ.”
Gould sad һе іs proud tһat these companies succeeded ᴡith NPI’s hеlp.
“This iis ᴡhаt NPI ⅾoes,” Gould said. “We find innovatiive and creative health, wellness, and beauty products,
ɑnd the NPI aand ΙHM teams work togetgher tto introduce tһem to consumers аnd
retailers.”
For morе іnformation, ϲall 561-544-0719 or visit nutricompany.ϲom.
Remarkable! Its in fact remarkable piece of writing, I have got much clear
idea regarding from this post.
Here is my blog post مشاوره مهاجرت
I’ve read a few good stuff here. Definitely price bookmarking for
revisiting. I wonder how a lot effort you put to make such a
magnificent informative site.
Not to mention the range of various THC gummies france items.
The other day, while I was at work, my cousin stole my
apple ipad and tested to see if it can survive a 25 foot drop, just so she
can be a youtube sensation. My apple ipad is now broken and she has 83
views. I know this is completely off topic but I had to share it with someone!
My web page; دانلود فیلم
I think the admin of this web page is really working hard for his
site, for the reason that here every stuff is quality based stuff.
Visit my web blog :: دانلود فیلم
Incredible! This blog looks just like my old one! It’s on a completely different
topic but it has pretty much the same page layout and design. Wonderful choice of colors!
Your means of telling the whole thing in this paragraph is in fact pleasant, all can easily be aware of it, Thanks a lot.
Thank you for every other informative web site. Where else may
I am getting that type of information written in such an ideal approach?
I have a challenge that I am just now running on, and I have
been on the glance out for such information.
Here is my page :: january printable calendar
hello!,I like your writing very so much! share we
keep up a correspondence more approximately your post on AOL?
I require an expert on this space to resolve my problem.
May be that’s you! Taking a look forward to see you.
Feel free to visit my web blog :: https://bvespirita.com/
A normal dosage is 30 mg of THC in one bag of product.
Feel free to visit my blog … item462251389
I coᥙldn?t resiat commenting. Perfectly written!
Wow, that’s what I was seeking for, what a stuff! present here at this weblog, thanks admin of this site.
Some times its a pain in the ass to read what people
wrote but this website is rattling user pleasant!
Also visit my web site charging for cleaning
I don’t ordinarily comment but I gotta admit thank you for the post on this one :D.
My web blog … Bookmarks
You ought to take part in a contest for one of the best sites online.
I will recommend this website!
Hi colleagues, nice paragraph and nice urging commented here, I am really enjoying by these.
Today, I went to the beach with my kids. I found a
sea shell and gave it to my 4 year old daughter and said “You can hear the ocean if you put this to your ear.” She
placed the shell to her ear and screamed. There was a hermit crab inside aand itt pinched her ear.
Shhe neve wants to go back! LoL I know this is totally off topic
butt I had to tell someone!
web page
%%
Feel free to visit my blog betting (Gavin)
Keep on writing, great job!
If you like gambling, Betflik is the best on line On line casino for you personally.
You may Enjoy a myriad of casino video games in this article and enjoy your gambling
working experience.
Betflik is usually a trusted on line On line casino that gives gamers with
the unique On line casino expertise. It provides players a wide variety of casino game titles to pick from.
It also provides players many slots online games.
The slot device games provided by Betflik contain Blackjack, Roulette,
and a lot of interesting slot online games.
The slot game titles tend to be the most exciting casino game titles.
It truly is because slot devices provide gamers with a possibility to earn large, plus they may also participate in remarkable tournaments.
You can even gain plenty of bonuses and jackpots by enjoying slot
game titles. Enjoy on line casino video games with betflik
and have a huge reward on your initial deposit.
There are such a lot of On line casino game titles out there
on the net today. You could play online games for example blackjack, roulette, poker, slots, plus much more.
These online games are actually enjoyable and you can take pleasure
in them wherever and at any time. You are able to
Participate in them with your smartphone, Laptop or computer, and even on your TV.
The best thing about online On line casino online games is that you can discover how to Participate in them without the need of an experienced.
Therefore you can begin enjoying these games promptly.
The online games are very easy to Participate in, and you can find the assistance that you want from a person actively playing close by.
One more benefit of enjoying on the internet casino video games is that you could
test these online games free of charge just before betting serious income.
So, you do not have to danger any dollars by betting
real revenue. You can even Engage in free On line casino video games for apply
in advance of you actually start off betting true money
My brother suggested I might like this web site.
He was entirely right. This post actually made my day. You can not imagine just
how much time I had spent for this information! Thanks!
And also the range of various THC gummies white label europe items.